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聚合物刷被广泛用于调控表/界面的物理化学性质,表面引发聚合(SIP)是制备聚合物刷的有效手段,该方法已广泛地用于合成具有各种结构以及功能的聚合物以及无机/有机杂化材料。表面引发原子转移自由基聚合(SI-ATRP)方法是表面接枝聚合刷最为常用的方法,但是目前的方法存在很多问题,例如:单体利用率低、反应条件苛刻、可控性较差等。近年来,一些研究组发展了一系列通过外界刺激来调控聚合过程的新方法,旨在克服以上缺陷。本文首先详细介绍了SI-ATRP的机理,在此基础上讨论通过一系列外界刺激(电化学、光、化学试剂等)灵活调控表面引发-原子转移自由基聚合来制备聚合物刷的最新研究进展,同时展望利用新的聚合方法调控聚合物刷结构、界面性质以及应用。
Polymer brushes are widely used to regulate the physico-chemical properties of the surface / interface. Surface-initiated polymerization (SIP) is an effective method for preparing polymeric brushes. This method has been widely used to synthesize polymers with various structures and functions as well as inorganic / Organic hybrid materials. Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) is the most commonly used method for surface grafting polymerization, but there are many problems in current methods such as low monomer utilization, harsh reaction conditions and poor controllability . In recent years, some research groups have developed a series of new methods to regulate the polymerization process through external stimuli, aiming at overcoming the above defects. In this paper, the mechanism of SI-ATRP is introduced in detail. On the basis of this, the latest research progress on the preparation of polymer brushes by a series of external stimuli (electrochemical, optical, chemical reagents, etc.) to flexibly control the surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization At the same time, it is expected to utilize the new polymerization method to control the polymer brush structure, interface properties and applications.