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为节约鱼粉资源和降低饲料成本,探索豆粕和花生粕部分替代凡纳滨对虾饲料中鱼粉的可行方式,分别配合添加包膜蛋氨酸和包膜赖氨酸、芽孢杆菌、植酸酶和核苷酸4种添加剂,并研究其对凡纳滨对虾生长、体成分和血清生化指标的影响,在以含23%鱼粉、22%豆粕和18%花生粕的饲料为基础饲料(G0)中分别添加0.212%包膜赖氨酸和0.084%包膜蛋氨酸(G1)、1%复合芽孢杆菌(G2)、0.04%植酸酶(G3)和0.62%核苷酸混合物(G4)配制4种试验饲料,养殖8周。与G0相比,添加组对虾末均质量、增质量率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)和蛋白效率(PER)显著升高(P<0.05),饲料系数(FC)显著降低(P<0.05);G3和G4组全虾粗脂肪显著升高(P<0.05),G2和G3全虾粗灰分显著降低(P<0.05);添加组对虾血清总蛋白(TP)、总胆固醇L(HO)和三酰甘油(TG2)显著升高(P<0.05),G1和G2组白蛋白(ALB)显著升高(P<0.05),G1和G3组血糖(GLU)显著升高(P<0.05)。结果表明,植物蛋白及添加剂组合替代部分鱼粉能显著提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能,其中以复合芽孢杆菌作用效果最好(P<0.05)。
In order to save the resources of fish meal and reduce the cost of feed, the paper explored the feasible ways that soybean meal and peanut meal partially replaced the fishmeal in feed of Penaeus vannamei, with the addition of coated methionine and coated lysine, Bacillus, phytase and nucleotide 4 kinds of additives and their effects on the growth, body composition and serum biochemical indexes of Litopenaeus vannamei were analyzed. In the feedstuff (G0) containing 23% fish meal, 22% soybean meal and 18% peanut meal, 0.212 Four test diets were formulated with% coated lysine and 0.084% of coated methionine (G1), 1% of B.subtilis (G2), 0.04% of phytase (G3) and 0.62% of nucleotide mix 8 weeks. Compared with G0, the average quality, WGR, SGR and PER of dietary shrimp increased significantly (P <0.05) and the feed efficiency (FC) decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The crude fat of whole shrimp in G3 and G4 groups increased significantly (P <0.05), while the crude ash of G2 and G3 shrimp decreased significantly (P <0.05). The total protein (TP), total cholesterol (P <0.05), albumin (ALB) in G1 and G2 groups were significantly increased (P <0.05), while GLU in G1 and G3 groups were significantly increased (P <0.05) ). The results showed that the combination of plant protein and additive could partially improve the growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei, with the best effect of Bacillus subtilis (P <0.05).