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顺应论,或作为一种语言顺应理论的语用学,是瑞士著名语言学家,国际语用学会秘书长Jef Verschueren创立的一种语用学理论。该理论的基本观点和理论框架于20世纪80年代中期首次提出,之后历经十余年的发展和不断完善,最终见于1999年出版的Understanding Pragmatics(Verschueren,1999).在语言顺应论中,顺应是语境和语言结构间相互适应的过程。以顺应性为基点,语言顺应论从以下四个方面描写和解释语言使用现象,顺应的语境关联成分,顺应的结构对象,顺应的动态性以及顺应过程的意识性。上述四个研究视角合起来就是语言顺应论对语言现象进行语用分析的核心内容。至于本文的实践意义,该研究可以帮助日后的学者提供一些理论框架,以便更好地促进语用理论构建,最终使得语用顺应论能够得到更好的解读,并获得更加完善的理论模块。
Adaptation Theory, or pragmatics as a theory of linguistic adaptation, is a pragmatic theory founded by Jef Verschueren, a renowned Swiss linguist and secretary general of the International Pragmatic Society. The basic idea and theoretical framework of the theory was first proposed in the mid-1980s, and after more than ten years of development and improvement, finally came to Understanding Pragmatics (Verschueren, 1999) published in 1999. In the theory of linguistic adaptation, Context and language structure between the adaptation process. Based on compliance, linguistic adaptation theory describes and interprets linguistic usage, adaptive contextual components, responsive structural objects, adaptive dynamics, and adaptiveness to process from the following four aspects. The above four research perspectives together are the core of pragmatic analysis of linguistic phenomena by linguistic adaptation theory. As for the practical significance of this article, this study can help future scholars provide some theoretical frameworks in order to better promote the construction of pragmatic theory, and ultimately enable pragmatic adaptation theory to be better interpreted and obtain a more complete theoretical module.