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1982年4～8月在辽宁丹东的水田条件下采用毒性单小种自然诱发,鉴定比较了15个日本粳稻品种和5个中国粳稻品种对叶瘟(Pyricularia oryzaeCav.)的田间抗性。供试品种的叶瘟田间抗性差异很大,其中以誉锦、银河的抗性最强,蒙古稻最弱。用发病叶面积百分率和每株感病病斑数两种方法对叶瘟田间抗性的评价结果差异不大,但前者更简便可靠。以相对抗病性指数RRI作为田间抗性指标较流行速度r~1、病害流行曲线下面积AUDPC和相对病指RDI更实用。提出以蒙古稻为感病对照,以誉锦或银河为抗病对照,用抗、感对照RRI值之差将水稻品种的叶瘟田间抗性分为rr(高抗)、r(抗)、m(中)、s(感)ss(高感)5级。供试品种对叶瘟抗侵入和抗扩展的能力有显著的差异。二元回归分析和协方差分析表明,病斑扩展速度RLE在叶瘟田间抗性上起主要作用,因而可用来预测水稻叶瘟田间抗性的强弱。
From April to August of 1982, it was induced by single toxic species in paddy field of Dandong, Liaoning Province. Fifteen Japanese japonica rice varieties and five Chinese japonica rice cultivars were tested for their resistance to leaf blight (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.). There were significant differences in the resistance to leaf blast between the tested cultivars, among which the resistance to Yujin and Galaxy was the strongest and that of Mongolia was the weakest. There was no significant difference in the evaluation of leaf blast resistance between the two methods with the percentage of diseased leaf area and the number of disease spots per plant, but the former was more simple and reliable. The relative disease resistance index RRI was more practical than the epidemic rate r ~ 1 as the field resistance index, and the area under the epidemic curve of AUDPC and relative disease index RDI. It is proposed that the resistance of rice varieties to rice blast disease is divided into rr (high resistance), r (resistance), low resistance (rr) m (in), s (flu) ss (high sense) 5. There was a significant difference in the ability of the tested cultivars to invade and resist the expansion of leaf blast. Bivariate analysis and covariance analysis showed that RLE played a major role in the field resistance of rice leaf blast and could be used to predict the resistance of rice leaf blast.