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应用示差冲击法、磁分析以及x射线衍射等方法研究了铁铝碳永磁合金在低温下的稳定性。试验表明该合金在低温下剩磁感应强度发生不可逆变化——负温效应,既有结构时效又有磁时效。结构时效的主要原因来自残留γ相向过饱和α相的转变,磁时效在重新充磁后则可以完全恢复。並且指出生产中欲防止负温效应,既要进行结构稳定化,又要进行磁稳定化处理。
The stability of Fe-Al-C permanent magnet alloys at low temperature was studied by means of differential impact method, magnetic analysis and X-ray diffraction. Experiments show that the alloy has an irreversible change in residual magnetic induction intensity at low temperature - negative temperature effect, both the structural aging and magnetic aging. The main reason for the structural aging is the transformation from residual γ phase to supersaturated α phase, and the magnetic aging can be completely recovered after re-magnetization. And pointed out that the production to prevent the negative temperature effect, it is necessary to stabilize the structure, but also for magnetic stabilization.