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[目的]了解祖孙三代乳糖不耐受(Lactose intolerance,LI)发生情况并探讨长期、多代饮奶行为对乳糖酶活性的影响。[方法]采用随机整群抽样的方法在乡镇3个幼儿园选取分别来自53个家庭的3～6岁儿童及其父母、祖父母共358人进行饮奶问卷调查,243人进行氢呼气试验并诊断出LI的患者,计算平均每年饮奶量(AMIy),用χ2检验、等级相关等进行统计分析。[结果]成人不饮奶者LI发生率显著高于饮奶者(χ2=5.27,P﹤0.05)。AMIy与LI严重程度呈显著负相关(r=-0.353,P﹤0.05)。祖父母、父母两代均不饮奶的家庭中儿童LI发生率显著高于两代均饮奶的家庭中儿童LI发生率(χ2=4.57,P﹤0.01)。[结论]饮奶与乳糖不耐受有关;饮奶频率越大,饮奶年限越长,能减少不耐受症。乳糖不耐受者能接受的适宜奶量需要进一步的研究,多代的饮奶习惯对后代乳糖酶活性的影响仍需要多个、更大样本的研究支持。
[Objective] To understand the incidence of lactose intolerance (LI) in the third generation of grandparent and grandchildren and explore the effect of long-term, multi-generation milk drink on lactase activity. [Methods] A random cluster sampling method was used to select 358 children from 3 to 6 years of age from 53 families in 35 townships and their parents and grandparents to conduct milk drinking questionnaire, and 243 people were tested for hydrogen breath test Out of LI patients, calculate the average annual amount of milk (AMIy), with χ2 test, rank correlation and other statistical analysis. [Results] The incidence of LI in non-lactating adults was significantly higher than that in drinking milks (χ2 = 5.27, P <0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between AMIy and LI severity (r = -0.353, P <0.05). The prevalence of LI in children who were not grandparent and whose parents were not drinking milk was significantly higher than that of children in both generations (χ2 = 4.57, P <0.01). [Conclusion] The drinking milk is related to lactose intolerance. The larger the frequency of drinking milk, the longer the drinking milk, can reduce the intolerance. Lactose intolerant to accept the appropriate amount of milk needs further study, multi-generation milk drinking habits of progeny lactase activity still need more than one, a larger sample of research support.