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目的了解某学校结核病暴发疫情调查和处理情况,为探索学校开展结核病防治工作的措施提供参考。方法采用PPD试验及问卷调查进行密切接触者筛查,描述结核病病例的三间分布、流行病学史和临床表现等特征,并采取一系列疫情处置措施。结果发现首例传染性肺结核病例后,对高三整个年级共319名学生及教师进行PPD筛查,强阳性者为59名,占18.49%。对结核菌素强阳性的59名师生作进一步拍胸片检查,再次确诊5例学生肺结核患者。结论此次结核病聚集性感染疫情主要是首例涂阳肺结核学生未及时发现、密切接触者未及时筛查和预防性服药、教室内空气不流通以及同班同学相互交叉感染引起。
Objective To understand the investigation and treatment of tuberculosis outbreak in a school and provide references for exploring the measures for tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods PPD test and questionnaire were used to screen the close contacts, describing the three distributions of TB cases, epidemiological history and clinical manifestations, and taking a series of epidemic disposal measures. Results After the first case of infectious pulmonary tuberculosis was found, a total of 319 students and teachers in the whole senior year were enrolled in PPD screening. Among them, 59 were strongly positive, accounting for 18.49%. 59 students and teachers who were strongly positive for tuberculin made further chest radiographs and confirmed 5 cases of tuberculosis patients again. Conclusions The outbreak of tuberculosis contagious disease is mainly caused by the first cases of sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis not being discovered in time, the close contacts not being timely screened and preventive medication, the air in the classroom being out of circulation and the cross class infection among classmates.