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禽类绿壳蛋性状不仅有躲避捕食的作用,还是禽类的一个重要经济性状,由于进化和遗传背景差异,不同禽类的绿壳蛋性状形成机制不同。本研究以绿壳蛋鸭(Anas platyrhynchos)和白壳蛋鸭输卵管壳腺部组织为研究对象,基于高通量测序技术,富集和分析参与绿壳蛋性状形成的小RNA(micro RNAs,mi RNAs)及其靶基因。结果显示,在绿壳蛋鸭和白壳蛋鸭壳腺部共预测到269个mi RNAs,其中已知的mi RNAs 245个,新预测的mi RNAs 24个;相对于白壳蛋鸭,绿壳蛋鸭壳腺部存在169个差异mi RNAs,包括85个上调的mi RNAs,84个下调的mi RNAs,共预测获得4 872个靶基因。样本间mi RNAs表达量分析发现,各样品之间相关性均较高。富集基因本体(Top Gene Ontology,Top GO)分析结果显示,存在参与血红素结合的分子功能(富集基因23个,P=0.008),并且大部分均伴有电子和Fe2+的转运功能。另外,ggami R-133b、gga-mi R-193b-3p和gga-mi R-449a(log2(差异倍数(fold change,FC)>2)>1,P>0.05)预测到了参与胆绿素合成的血红素加氧酶1基因(heme oxygenase 1,HMOX1)和大量的有机物转运代谢基因。以上结果提示,部分mi RNAs可能参与了鸭绿壳蛋性状的形成调控,但可能不是影响鸭绿壳蛋形成的主要因素。研究结果为揭示家禽绿壳蛋的形成分子机制提供了理论依据,为基于基因操作技术培育绿壳蛋禽类提供了基础资料。
The characters of green-shell eggs in poultry not only have the function of avoiding predation, but also an important economic trait of poultry. Due to the differences in evolution and genetic background, the formation mechanism of green-shell eggs in different poultry is different. In this study, Anas platyrhynchos and white shell duck were selected as study objects. Based on high-throughput sequencing, miRNAs (miRNAs, mi RNAs) and their target genes. The results showed that a total of 269 miRNAs were predicted in the duck glandular ducks of the green hull duck and white hull duck eggs, of which 245 were known mi RNAs and 24 were newly predicted mi RNAs. Compared with the white hull duck, There are 169 differential miRNAs in the duck glandular ducts, including 85 up-regulated mi RNAs and 84 down-regulated miRNAs, and a total of 4 872 target genes were predicted. Analysis of mi RNAs expression among samples showed that there was a high correlation between samples. Top GO analysis showed that there is a molecular function involved in heme binding (23 genes rich, P = 0.008), and most of them are associated with electron and Fe2 + transport functions. In addition, ggami R-133b, gga-mi R-193b-3p and gga-mi R-449a (log2 (fold change, FC)> 2)> 1, P> Heme oxygenase 1 gene (HMOX1) and a large number of organic metabolic genes. The above results suggest that part of mi RNAs may be involved in the formation of duck embryonic green eggs, but may not be the main factors affecting the formation of duck eggs. The results provide a theoretical basis for revealing the molecular mechanism of the formation of poultry green shell eggs and provide basic information for breeding green-shell eggs based on genetic manipulation techniques.