日常教学活动的基本要素有教师、学生、教材。教师“教”和学生“学”属于主体行为。教材文本属于客观存在,是教学的内容载体和沟通媒介。教师的“教”和学生的“学”都应经历把教材从文本的客观表述转化为师生自我认识的过程。当前中学教师以学生为主体。课前,教师应有意识地了解学生对新内容的认识和理解,为了尊重和促进学生的个性发展,还应鼓励学生展现自己的想法和思维历程,并与教师进行有效的思维碰撞,使学生的认识图景 The basic elements of daily teaching activities are teachers, students, teaching materials. Teachers “teaching ” and students “learning ” belong to the main behavior. Teaching material belongs to the objective existence, it is the content carrier and communication medium of teaching. Both teachers ’teaching and students’ learning should go through the process of transforming the teaching material from the objective representation of the text into the self-understanding of teachers and students. The current secondary school teachers to students as the main body. Before class, teachers should consciously understand the students ’understanding and understanding of new content. In order to respect and promote the development of students’ individuality, teachers should also be encouraged to show their own ideas and thinking process and make effective thinking collisions with teachers so that students Understand the picture