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接受《波茨坦公告》是1941年开始的日本对美英之间战争的终结,与此同时,也意味着1937年开始的日中战争的终结。不过,对日本来说,日中战争的终战并未让他们产生什么败战的实感。对中国来说,通过彻底的抗战打击了日本对中国领土及经济的野心,打败日军取得了胜利,但也付出了无数牺牲的代价(“惨胜”)。那么日中战争前后,究竟给日本的中国认识以及中国的日本认识带来了怎样的变化?战争的终结使日中间相互认识框架及认识途径发生了巨大改变。本文通过对从日中战争被纳入日本与美英的战争至终战的两年半,以及从战争结束至1949年新中国成立这近四年间,日中双方言论空间中的话语进行分析和对比,来澄清这一问题。
The acceptance of the Potsdam Proclamation is the end of Japan’s war between Japan and the United States that began in 1941 and at the same time means the end of the Sino-Japanese War that began in 1937. However, for Japan, the ultimate battle of the Sino-Japanese war did not give them any real sense of defeat. For China, Japan’s victories over China’s territory and economy through a complete anti-Japanese war have hit Japan by defeating the Japanese army, but it has also paid the price of numerous sacrifices. So what were the changes to Japan’s understanding of China and Japan’s understanding of China before and after the Sino-Japanese War? The end of the war has brought about a drastic change in the framework and understanding of Japan-China mutual understanding. This article analyzes and contrasts the discourse in the discourse space of Japan and China through the two and a half years since the Sino-Japanese War was incorporated into the war between Japan and the United States and Britain and the end of the war, and from the end of the war to the founding of New China in 1949, To clarify this issue.