通过田间试验研究三个供氮水平下(施氮50 kg/hm2、150 kg/hm2、250 kg/hm2)施用肥料添加剂对苏南太湖地区水稻产量、氮素吸收利用及土壤氮平衡的影响。结果表明,施氮和肥料添加剂对水稻产量、氮肥吸收利用及表观损失氮均有显著影响,但只有在水稻产量和氮肥农学利用率指标上二者表现出显著的交互作用(P<0.05);随施氮量增加,水稻产量、累积吸氮量、土壤残留无机氮(Nmin)、表观损失氮增加,氮肥吸收利用率和农学利用率降低;与单施尿素相比,尿素配施肥料添加剂可进一步增加水稻产量、累积吸氮量,并能提升氮肥利用率和降低表观损失氮量,且该效应总体上随施氮量增加而愈趋明显;施用肥料添加剂对水稻营养生长期的氮素积累影响要明显强于生殖生长期。在本研究条件下,综合分析水稻产量、氮肥利用及氮平衡指标,不施用肥料添加剂时,施氮150 kg/hm2可获得较好的农学和环境效应。 A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of fertilizer additives on rice yield, nitrogen uptake and utilization and soil nitrogen balance under three nitrogen levels (nitrogen application 50 kg / hm2, 150 kg / hm2 and 250 kg / hm2) in the Taihu Lake in southern Jiangsu Province. The results showed that nitrogen and fertilizer additives had significant effects on rice yield, nitrogen uptake and utilization and apparent nitrogen loss, but showed significant interaction only on rice yield and N fertilizer use efficiency index (P <0.05) ; With the increase of N application rate, the yield of rice, cumulative N uptake, Nmin and apparent nitrogen loss increased, while N absorption and utilization rate decreased. Compared with single application of urea, Additives can further increase the yield of rice, accumulate nitrogen uptake, enhance the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and reduce the amount of apparent nitrogen loss, and the effect is generally obvious with the increase of nitrogen application rate; The effect of nitrogen accumulation is obviously stronger than reproductive growth period. Under the conditions of this study, comprehensive analysis of rice yield, nitrogen use and nitrogen balance indicators, without fertilizer additives, nitrogen application of 150 kg / hm2 can get better agronomic and environmental effects.