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回眸60年(1954-2014)冬小麦育种实践,深刻地认识到,市场经济的铁律是市场决定生产。从生产实际出发,选育抗旱、高产、多抗的广适性品种,成果颇丰;偏离了育种方向,则徒然而不达。育种工作者要善于捕捉高产育种遗传信息,瞄准前沿;突破性的进展则取决于关键遗传资源的发现与创新;对于增产潜力大,缺点较多的品种资源改良,采取多亲本渐近杂交法较易获得成功;亲本选配要“强×强”组合,关键在于创新种质到位;杂种后代采取旱、水地和高、中肥交替选择法,则是选育抗旱高产品种的有效途经;创建高产展示田,对新品种推广和政府决策有重要导向作用。从育成品种的系谱分析来看:农林10号(Norin10)可能携带抗旱高产基因,应深入研究利用。
Looking back 60 years (1954-2014) winter wheat breeding practice, a profound understanding that the iron rule of the market economy is the market determines the production. From the actual production, breeding wide adaptability of drought-resistant, high yield, multi-resistant varieties, the results quite good; deviation from the breeding direction, then in vain and not up. Breeding workers should be good at capturing the genetic information of high-yielding breeding and aiming at the frontier. The breakthrough progress depends on the discovery and innovation of key genetic resources. For the improvement of varieties with large yield potential and shortcomings, Easy to get success; the parent matching to “strong × strong” combination, the key lies in innovative germplasm in place; hybrid offspring to take drought, water and high, medium and fat alternative selection method, it is an effective way to breed high drought-resistant varieties The creation of high-yield display fields plays an important guiding role in the promotion of new varieties and government decision-making. Based on the pedigree analysis of cultivated varieties, Norin10 may carry drought-tolerant and high-yielding genes and should be further studied and utilized.