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HLA系统 HLA是人类白细胞抗原的简称,控制HLA的遗传基因在第6号染色体短臂上。目前已检出A、B、C、D和DR等几个遗传位点,总共有92种特异性。HLA-ABC抗原和DR抗原都是用微量淋巴细胞毒试验方法检出,即以标准抗血清与受检淋巴细胞作用,根据它们是否起反应来决定细胞是否带有相应的抗原。HLA-ABC抗原存在于血小板、白细胞和几乎所有的体细胞表面,而DR抗原主要存在B淋巴细胞上,因此HLA-DR分型必须使用B淋巴细胞,HLA-D抗原使用混合淋巴细胞培养
HLA system HLA is short for human leukocyte antigen, controlling the genetic code of HLA on chromosome 6 short arm. At present, several genetic loci such as A, B, C, D and DR have been detected, with a total of 92 specificities. Both HLA-ABC antigens and DR antigens are detected by means of microtitration cytotoxicity assay, that is to say, the standard antisera and the tested lymphocytes are used to determine whether the cells have the corresponding antigens according to whether they react or not. HLA-ABC antigen exists on platelets, white blood cells and almost all the surface of somatic cells, while the DR antigen is mainly present on B lymphocytes, B lymphocytes must be used for HLA-DR typing and mixed lymphocyte culture for HLA-D antigens