目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦα）及白细胞介素６（ＩＬ６）在急性ＧｕｉｌａｉｎＢａｒé综合征（急性ＧＢＳ）免疫病理机制中的作用。方法采用体外细胞培养方法和免疫微量检测技术对急性ＧＢＳ患者外周血单核细胞经大肠杆菌内毒素（ＬＰＳ）诱导后产生ＴＮＦα、ＩＬ６的能力进行研究。结果急性ＧＢＳ患者外周血单核细胞ＴＮＦα、ＩＬ６水平明显增高，与其他神经疾病组和正常对照组比较有显著差异，且与病情有关。结论急性ＧＢＳ患者血单核细胞处于活化状态，自身免疫功能异常，ＴＮＦα、ＩＬ６可能参与了急性ＧＢＳ的免疫病理过程，且与病情的轻重有密切关系。 Objective To investigate the role of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL6) in the immunopathogenesis of acute GuilainBaré syndrome (acute GBS). Methods The ability of producing TNFα and IL6 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of acute GBS patients induced by E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied by in vitro cell culture and immunological micro-assay. Results Acute GBS patients with peripheral blood mononuclear cells TNFα, IL  6 levels were significantly increased, and other neurological disease group and the normal control group were significantly different, and with the disease. Conclusion Acute GBS patients with monocytes in the activation state, autoimmune dysfunction, TNFα, IL 6 may be involved in the immune pathological process of acute GBS, and the severity of illness are closely related.