Tat及Rev都是HIV复制所必不可缺的病毒调节蛋白。它们主要通过与各自的靶序列及细胞内的蛋白因子相互作用来发挥调节功能。Tat可以增加HIV所有基因的表达;而Rev则有选择性地促进编码病毒结构蛋白的基因表达,促使病毒从感染的早期阶段进入晚期阶段,起到控制病毒基因表达转换开关的作用。Tat可以在转录及转录后水平上发挥其反式激活作用,Rev主要在转录后水平起作用。 Both Tat and Rev are viral regulatory proteins essential for HIV replication. They function primarily by interacting with their respective target sequences and intracellular protein factors. Tat can increase the expression of all HIV genes. And Rev selectively promotes the expression of viral structural proteins, which leads the virus from the early stage of infection to the advanced stage and plays a role in controlling the switch of viral gene expression. Tat can exert its transactivation at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level, with Rev mainly acting at the post-transcriptional level.