总的来说,国外在生产上对热处理工艺和设备上的要求是可靠性、经济性和安全性。因此,各国对热处理设备和工艺的研制、选用都是以此要求为准绳,从而保证热处理产品质量和使用寿命。虽然近年来随着物理冶金、热处理基础理论、测试技术及微机应用的迅速发展,热处理新技术、新工艺、新设备、新材料不断涌现,展示了热处理今后的发展前景及方向。但是首先在生产上注意的仍然是加热时炉温控制的可靠性、精确性和均匀性,防止加热时零件的氧化和脱碳,因此,他们非常重视常规工艺和设备的正确使用和改进,严格执行生产秩序和管理制度。基于同一原因,可控气氛和真空热处理得到了推广应用,气氛的控制技术日益 In general, foreign countries in the production of heat treatment process and equipment requirements are reliability, economy and safety. Therefore, all countries on the heat treatment equipment and technology research and development are based on this criterion as the criterion, so as to ensure the quality of heat treatment products and service life. Although in recent years, with the rapid development of physical metallurgy, basic theory of heat treatment, testing technology and computer application, new technologies, new processes, new equipment and new materials for heat treatment are emerging constantly, showing the future development prospect and direction of heat treatment. However, the first attention paid in production is still the reliability, accuracy and uniformity of furnace temperature control during heating to prevent the oxidation and decarburization of parts during heating. Therefore, they attach great importance to the proper use and improvement of conventional processes and equipment, and strictly The implementation of production order and management system. Based on the same reason, controllable atmosphere and vacuum heat treatment have been popularized and applied, and the control technology of atmosphere is increasingly