PAN membrane and hydrolyzed PAN membranes with the same pore size were used to investigate the relationship between the electrokinetic property and permeation performance by streaming potential measurement and ion exchange technology. SEM and FT-IR/ATR spectra were employed to analyze the reaction and the presence of the amide groups. The thickness of the polyacrylic acid (PAA) layer on the membrane surface measured by ion-exchange titration technology increased with the reaction time, and that on membrane hydrolyzed for 50 min could reach 10.8 nm. Streaming potential measurement was used to study the influence of the carboxylic and nitrile group on the membrane surface on their separation property. Zeta potential measured in pure water had close relationship with the permeation property. This measurement also proved that there was a maximum zeta potential between zero and the concentration tested. For the ionization or dissociation of the carboxylic group on the membrane surface, treated membranes had a more flexible zeta potential range than that of the untreated membrane in the pH range of 3-9. They were all negative in pure water and 1 g·L-1 KCl solution, while the membranes hydrolyzed for 30 min and 50min had IEPs at pH 5.5 and 6.1 in 1 g·L-1 MgCl2 solution. Special inflection points of all the membranes were observed in AlCl3 solution for the positive colloid structure of Al(OH)3. PAN membrane and hydrolyzed PAN membranes with the same pore size were used to investigate the relationship between the electrokinetic property and permeation performance by streaming potential measurement and ion exchange technology. SEM and FT-IR / ATR spectra were employed to analyze the reaction and the presence of the amide groups. The thickness of the polyacrylic acid (PAA) layer on the membrane surface measured by ion-exchange titration technology increased with the reaction time, and that on membrane hydrolysis for 50 min could reach 10.8 nm. Streaming potential measurement was used to study the influence of the carboxylic and nitrile group on the membrane surface on their separation property. Zeta potential measured in pure water had close relationship with the permeation property. This measurement also proved that there was a maximum zeta potential between zero and the concentration tested For the ionization or dissociation of the carboxylic group on the membrane surface, trea ted membranes had a more flexible zeta potential range than that of the untreated membrane in the pH range of 3-9. They were all negative in pure water and 1 g · L-1 KCl solution while the membranes hydrolyzed for 30 min and 50 min had IEPs at pH 5.5 and 6.1 in 1 g · L-1 MgCl2 solution. Special inflection points of all the membranes were observed in AlCl3 solution for the positive colloid structure of Al (OH) 3.