肾血管性高血压是指由于肾动脉病变引起肾血流量减少导致的继发性高血压。这种高血压可以通过改善肾脏血供或肾切除而得到缓解。多数学者估计这类病人约占所有高血压病人的5%。临床医生如能及时作出正确的诊断,进行合理的外科治疗,高血压的好转率可达80%左右。肾动脉狭窄引起肾血流量的减少可使肾小球旁器分泌肾素(Renin)增加。肾素是一种蛋白水解酶,能使α_2球蛋白(十四肽)水解为血管紧张素Ⅰ(Augio-tensin Ⅰ)(十肽),再经转化酶(Converting enzyme)的作用,产生活性很强的血管紧张素Ⅱ(八肽)(简称 ATⅡ)。ATⅡ是一种强力的血管收缩剂,能使周身小动脉阻力增加、左室负担加重而形成高血压。ATⅡ又能刺激肾上腺皮质分泌醛固酮,加重钠的潴 Renal vascular hypertension refers to secondary hypertension due to a decrease in renal blood flow due to renal artery disease. This high blood pressure can be alleviated by improving renal blood supply or nephrectomy. Most scholars estimate that these patients account for about 5% of all hypertensive patients. Clinicians can make timely and correct diagnosis, reasonable surgical treatment, the improvement rate of high blood pressure up to 80%. Reduction of renal blood flow caused by stenosis of the renal arteries can increase Renin secretion by the glomerular vessels. Renin is a proteolytic enzyme that hydrolyzes the α 2 -globin (tetrapeptide) into the augio-tensin I (decapeptide), which is then converted to an active enzyme by the action of the converting enzyme Strong angiotensin Ⅱ (octapeptide) (referred to as AT Ⅱ). AT Ⅱ is a powerful vasoconstrictor, can make the whole body arterioles increased resistance, left ventricular burden and the formation of hypertension. AT Ⅱ can stimulate the secretion of aldosterone adrenal cortex, increased sodium retention