回顾我国外贸发展的历史,国有企业在我国外贸发展中发挥了重要作用。然而,随着我国改革开放的深入和经济全球化的加速,国有外贸企业的生存环境正在发生重大变化。在原来的计划经济下,国有外贸企业是国内其他企业进出口的唯一代理机构,随着我国外贸经营权的下放,民营、外资等企业纷纷获得外贸出口独立权,国有企业的垄断地位逐渐被削弱,一方面贸易主体的多元化使得这些企业不再或较少通过国有企业进行代理出口,市场利润下降,另一方面这些企业的进入使得行业的利润不断被压缩,生存压力越来越 Reviewing the history of China’s foreign trade development, state-owned enterprises have played an important role in the development of China’s foreign trade. However, with the deepening of China’s reform and opening up and the acceleration of economic globalization, the living environment of state-owned foreign trade enterprises is undergoing major changes. Under the original planned economy, state-owned foreign trade enterprises were the sole agency for the import and export of other domestic enterprises. With the decentralization of China’s foreign trade management right, private-owned and foreign-funded enterprises have all obtained the right of independent export and the monopoly of state-owned enterprises has been gradually weakened , On the one hand, the diversification of the main body of trade makes these enterprises no longer or less export through state-owned enterprises for agency, the market profits decline, on the other hand, the entry of these enterprises makes the profits of the industry continuously being compressed and the living pressure becomes more and more