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五十年代以来,各国都很重视无性系选择,并将它作为果树新品种选育的重要途径和方法,进行研究。一些苹果短枝型和浓红型芽变优系的选出,逐渐地代替了部分老品种,使产量和质量都有了显著提高,引起了世界苹果生产面貌的改观。七十车代初,美国已从元帅系等老品种中选出了160多个新的芽变品系,尤以“新红星”最出色。从而使美国苹果品种中元帅系发展最快,而旭苹果等一类老品种无论是面积和产量的比重都不断下降。据统计,1968年美国元帅系苹果产量为63.3万吨,占苹果总产量的25.5％。1978年元帅系产量达134.8万吨,占总产量的35.7％。近十
Since the 1950s, all countries attach great importance to clonal selection and use it as an important approach and method for breeding new varieties of fruit trees for research. Some apple spur type and thick red type bud mutation system selected, and gradually replaced some of the old varieties, so that the yield and quality have been significantly improved, causing the appearance of the world’s apple production changes. In the early seventies, the United States has selected more than 160 new strains of buds from among the elder breeds such as Marshal’s Department, especially the New Red Star. So that the United States Apple varieties Marshal fastest growing, and Asahi Apple and other types of old varieties, both the area and the proportion of production are declining. According to statistics, the 1968 Marshal Department of the United States produced 633,000 tons of apples, accounting for 25.5% of the total output of apples. In 1978, Marshal Department produced 1.348 million tons, accounting for 35.7% of the total output. Near ten