一、研究概况我省1973—1980年开展苹果芽变选种工作,工作范围在延安、铜川一带及关中的潼关到宝鸡等地。工作中采取群众自报与实际调查相结合的方法,8年来共选出109个单系(陕北31个,关中78个),其中元帅系49个,国光系38个,金冠系10个,其他12个。1976年以后,又从省内外引入初选有希望的单系114个,在我所进行高接。按类型分:普通型75个,短枝型、小冠型39个;按品系分:元帅系86个,国光系15个,金冠系8个,青香蕉1个,其他4个。高接树自76年起陆续结果。结果前,对高接单系中的短枝型作了生长情况调查,以求找出矮化性状的形态鉴定指标。二、芽选结果及形态鉴定研究(一)芽选结果:多年来由我省元帅系品种中选出的有希望的单系14个,其中矮化型3个,乔化型11 First, the research profile 1973-1980 in our province to carry out apple bud mutation work, the scope of work in Yan’an, Tongchuan area and Guanzhong Tongguan to Baoji and other places. Over the past eight years, a total of 109 single lines have been selected (31 in northern Shaanxi and 78 in Guanzhong), of which 49 are marshal, 38 are Guoguang, 10 are from the Golden Crown, The other 12. After 1976, another 114 single lines with primaries and primaries were introduced from inside and outside the province. According to the types of points: ordinary type 75, spur type, small crown type 39; by strain: Marshal Department 86, Guoguang 15, Golden Delicious 8, 1 green banana, the other four. High pick trees from 76 years after another results. Before the results, we surveyed the growth of the spur-type in the high-order-line system in order to find the morphological identification index of the dwarfing trait. Second, bud election results and morphological identification (A) bud election results: Over the years by the province Marshal Department of selected varieties of promising single line 14, of which dwarf-type 3, Qiao-type 11