目的　探讨糖尿病视网膜病变（ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ，ＤＲ）与红细胞变形能力（ｅｒｙｔｈｒｏｃｙｔｅ ｄｅｆｏｒｍ ａｂｉｌｉｔｙ，ＥＤ）、红细胞膜磷脂成分及红细胞膜收缩蛋白（ｓｐｅｃｔｒｉｎ，ＳＰ）变化的关系。　方法　１０８例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者根据视网膜病变的有无分为ＤＲ组（５５例）和非ＤＲ（ｎｏｎｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ，ＮＤＲ）组（５３例），检测其ＥＤ、红细胞膜磷脂成分和红细胞膜收缩蛋白二聚体（ｓｐｅｃｔｒｉｎ ｄｉｍｅｒ，ＳＰＤ）、四聚体（ｓｐｅｃｔｒｉｎ ｔｅｔｒａｍ ｅｒ，ＳＰＴ）相对含量的变化。并与正常对照组５３例的相同检测结果作对比。　结果　ＤＲ患者红细胞滤过指数（ｅｒｙｔｈｒｏｃｙｔｅ ｆｉｌｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎｄｅｘ，ＥＦＩ）、ＳＰＤ、ＳＰＤ／ＳＰＴ、神经鞘磷脂（ｓｐｉｎｇｏｍ ｙｌｉｎｅ，ＳＭ）／磷脂酰胆碱（ｐｈｏｐｈａｔｉｄｙｌｃｈｏｌｉｎｅ，ＰＣ）明显增高，而ＳＰＴ、ＳＭ、ＰＣ、磷脂酰丝氨酸（ｐｈｏｐｈａｔｉｄｙｌｓｅｒｉｎｅ，ＰＳ）和磷脂酰乙醇胺（ｐｈａｔｉｄｙｌｔｈａｎｏｌａｍ ｉｎｅ，ＰＥ）明显降低，与对照组和ＮＤＲ 组比较有显著差异（Ｆ＝ ８． Objective To investigate the relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and erythrocyte deformability (ED), erythrocyte membrane phospholipid content and erythrocyte membrane spectrin (SP). Methods One hundred and eighty patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into DR group (n = 55) and non-diabetic retinopathy group (n = 53) according to the presence or absence of retinopathy. ED, erythrocyte membrane phospholipid content and erythrocyte membrane contraction The changes of the relative content of SP-D, SP-T were analyzed. And compared with the same test results of 53 cases in normal control group. Results In patients with DR, erythrocyte filtration index (EFI), SPD, SPD / SPT and spingom yline (SM) / phophatidylcholine (PC) were significantly increased, while SPT, SM, PC, phophatidylserine (PS) and phatidylthanolamine (PE) were significantly decreased compared with the control group and the NDR group (F = 8).