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目的了解广东省农村住宅基本情况,为国家农村住宅卫生标准修订提供依据。方法用多阶段分层抽样方法,选择广东省1997-2007年新、改、扩建的农民住宅,采用卫生部标委会确定的统一调查表,由经过培训的疾控人员进行现场问卷调查,以修订标准作为评价依据。结果调查的200户农民住宅人均居住面积、居室总容积、主卧房和客厅居室净高达标率均为100.0%;住宅厨房、卫生间、主室日照情况及主卧房、客厅室深系数达标率为76.0%～99.5%;住宅日照间距达标率只有24.0%,主卧房、客厅、厨房的窗地面积比值达标率分别为21.5%、22.0%、6.5%;统计分析显示不同经济水平地区农村住宅主卧房窗地比、客厅窗地比构成不同(P(0.01),经济水平高的地区主卧房窗地比、客厅窗地比大于标准区间最大值所占的比例分别为69.77%和53.49%。结论所调查的农村住宅大部分指标能达到修订标准值要求,但日照间距和窗地比值需进一步论证确定更可行性的标准值。
Objective To understand the basic situation of rural residential houses in Guangdong Province and provide the basis for the revision of national rural residential hygiene standards. Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was adopted to select new, improved and expanded peasant houses in Guangdong Province during 1997-2007. A unified questionnaire determined by the standardization committee of Ministry of Health was used to conduct on-site questionnaire surveys by trained CDC personnel. Revised standards as a basis for evaluation. Results The survey results showed that the per capita living area, total living space and the net high compliance rates of the main bedroom and living room of 100 peasant houses were all 100.0%. The sunshine of residential kitchens, bathrooms and main rooms and the coefficient of compliance of main bedroom and living room 76.0% -99.5%; residential sunshine spacing compliance rate was only 24.0%, the main bedroom, living room, kitchen window area ratio compliance rates were 21.5%, 22.0%, 6.5%; statistical analysis shows that rural areas of different economic levels The proportions of master bedroom windows and living room windows are different (P (0.01)). The ratio of windows in master bedroom with high economic level is 69.77% and that of windows % Conclusion Most of the indicators of rural residential houses surveyed can meet the revised standard value requirements, but the sunshine interval and the ratio of window to floor need to be further demonstrated to determine the more feasible standard value.