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采用中断淬火/时效处理获得时间-温度-性能(TTP)曲线,结合透射电镜(TEM)微观组织研究了6061铝合金的淬火敏感性。结果表明,6061铝合金TTP曲线的鼻尖温度约为340℃,中温区(230~445℃)淬火敏感性较高,而高、低温区淬火敏感性较低。合金在鼻尖温度保温过程中,粗大平衡相依附于富铁相(AlFeSi)粒子不均匀形核析出,减小了基体中溶质原子溶度,削弱了后续时效强化效果。适当提高淬火敏感区的冷却速率和降低高、低温区的冷却速率,这既可保证合金较佳的力学性能,又减小淬火应力。
The quenching sensitivity of 6061 aluminum alloy was investigated by TEM (transmission electron microscopy) microscopy and TEM (Time-temperature-performance) curves. The results show that the tip temperature of the T61 curve of the 6061 aluminum alloy is about 340 ℃. The quenching sensitivity of the TTP curve in the medium temperature range (230 ~ 445 ℃) is high while that in the high and low temperature regions is relatively low. In the process of heat preservation of the tip of the tip, the coarse equilibrium is attached to the heterogeneous nucleation of AlFeSi particles, which reduces the solute atom solubility in the matrix and weakens the subsequent aging strengthening effect. Appropriately increasing the cooling rate quenching sensitive areas and reduce high and low temperature cooling rate, which can guarantee the alloy better mechanical properties, but also reduce the quenching stress.