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1872年由李鸿章创办的洋务企业轮船招商局(简称招商局)是中国最早实行股份公司管理体制的企业。这是洋务企业由官办转向官督商办,由独资经营转向合资经营的第一个企业。它绵延至今,经过了一个多世纪的漫长历程。回顾和总结招商局在实行股份制过程中的历史经验和教训,对改革开放,促进股份公司的发展颇有裨益。
The Western China Merchants Steamship Investment Promotion Bureau (referred to as China Merchants Group) established by Li Hongzhang in 1872 is the earliest enterprise in China to implement a stock company management system. This is the first enterprise in which the Western-style enterprises have turned from government officials to government-supervised merchants and from sole proprietorship to joint ventures. It stretches to this day and has gone through a long period of more than a century. Reviewing and summarizing the historical experience and lessons of China Merchants in the implementation of the joint-stock system, it is beneficial to the reform and opening-up and the development of joint-stock companies.