一、进行课堂教学改革,优化课堂教学的结构发挥学生的能动性、积极性和创造性,激发和保持学生学习历史兴趣。教学中,出乎学生意料的演示、生动形象的类比、深入浅出的解释、学生生活中以及科技和社会的有趣的事例、幽默风趣的教学语言、探究性的学习活动以及不断出现的挑战性问题等,都是激发和保持学生学习兴趣的重要手段。教师依据教材,事先精心设计具有新情境、难易相结合,有层次的话题,引起学生积极参与的兴趣,进行课前预习。上课先从学生讲故事入手,引起学生的兴趣,增强参与意识。然后全班同学分组讨论,教师答题,师生间可以互换角色互相体验,讨论中体现平等、民主、和谐的气 First, the classroom teaching reform, optimizing the structure of classroom teaching Play the initiative, enthusiasm and creativity of students, to stimulate and maintain students’ interest in learning history. Teaching, out of the student’s intended presentation, vivid analogy, explain profound theories in simple terms, interesting examples of student life and science and society, humorous teaching language, exploratory learning activities and emerging challenging issues , Are important means to stimulate and maintain students’ interest in learning. Teachers based on textbooks, carefully designed in advance with the new situation, the difficulty of combining, there are topics at different levels, aroused the interest of students actively involved in pre-class preview. Start with the students first storytelling in class, arouse the interest of students and enhance awareness of participation. Then the classmates group discussions, teachers answer questions, teachers and students can exchange roles to experience each other, the discussion reflects the equality, democracy and harmony of the gas