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目的探讨梅毒在大学生无偿献血群体中的感染现状和感染高危因素,为梅毒的预防和控制提供参考依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对2003年1月至2008年12月东莞市某高校大学生无偿献血人群共3 451份血液标本进行梅毒血清学检测,阳性结果均通过梅毒螺旋体明胶颗粒凝集试验(TPPA)确诊试验予以确诊。同时随访分析不同专业、性别、学龄大学生的梅毒感染高危因素和性传播疾病(STD)知晓率。结果 3 451份无偿献血标本中共筛查出11个阳性血样,人群携带率为3.19‰。随访分析结果:医疗卫生专业的大学生对STD知晓率更高,感染率也低于其他专业的大学生;男性大学生在对无保护性性行为、婚前性行为等方面态度上更开放,感染风险高,学龄越大,对STD知晓率越高。结论梅毒在大学生无偿献血群体中呈低感染状态流行,流行强度低于其他人群,但是发病率逐年提高;不同专业、性别和学龄的大学生的STD知晓率有差别。
Objective To investigate the status of infection and high risk factors of syphilis in unpaid blood donation groups of college students and provide references for the prevention and control of syphilis. Methods A total of 3 451 blood samples of blood donors from a university student in Dongguan City from January 2003 to December 2008 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The positive results were confirmed by Treponema pallidum gelatin particle agglutination test (TPPA) confirmed the diagnosis to be diagnosed. At the same time, we analyzed the risk factors of syphilis infection and the awareness rate of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among college students of different professional, sex and age groups. Results A total of 11 positive blood samples were screened from 3 451 unpaid blood donors. The population carrying rate was 3.19 ‰. The follow-up analysis showed that college students majoring in health care had a higher awareness of STD and lower infection rate than other college students. Male college students were more open to attitude toward unprotected sex and premarital sex, The greater the school age, the higher the awareness of STD. Conclusions Syphilis is endemic in the unpaid blood donors of college students. The prevalence of syphilis is lower than that of other groups. However, the prevalence of syphilis increases year by year. There is a difference in STD awareness among college students of different professional, sex and age groups.