血吸虫病是一种严重危害人类健康的人兽共患病,在世界范围内广泛分布。采用疫苗防治该病是当前研究的热点领域。血吸虫是一种罕见的雌雄异体生物,性别特异性基因为我们寻找新的候选疫苗分子提供线索。抱雌沟蛋白是由性别特异性基因编码的,由雄虫分泌并于合抱时传递给雌虫。本文拟就抱雌沟蛋白的特性、蛋白疫苗、DNA疫苗和表位疫苗等方面研究现状进行综述。 Schistosomiasis is a zoonotic disease that is seriously detrimental to human health and is widely distributed worldwide. Vaccination to prevent and treat the disease is a hot area of ​​current research. Schistosoma is a rare dioecious, sex-specific gene that provides clues to our search for new candidate vaccine molecules. The female spheroplast is encoded by a sex-specific gene, secreted by the male and passed on to the female at the cuddle. In this paper, we review the recent advances in the research on the characteristics of female grooved proteins, protein vaccines, DNA vaccines and epitope vaccines.