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钉螺是日本血吸虫的唯一中间宿主,对血吸虫病的传播、控制和消除具有重要影响.浙江省已于2016年通过了国家“维持血吸虫病消除状态”的联合考核,但目前仍存在一定数量的残存钉螺,且分布环境极为复杂.如何通过因地制宜地开展有螺环境综合改造等科学防治,长效控制钉螺的孳生和扩散,减少血吸虫病传播与流行的潜在风险,巩固已取得的防治成果,是血吸虫病防治地区当前亟待解决的问题.本文分析了浙江省血吸虫病防治工作情况,并就血吸虫病流行区结合“五水共治”总体规划落实重点有螺环境综合治理,改变钉螺孳生环境,确保全省维持血吸虫病消除状态、巩固防治成果等提出了相关建议.“,”Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum,and it has a significant influence on the transmission,control and elimination of schistosomiasis.In 2016,Zhejiang Province passed the national united assessment of“maintaining the schistosomiasis elimination status”;however,there are still O.hupensis snails remained in the very compli-cated environments.The breeding and spread of O.hupensis snails can be controlled for a long time with the environmental modi-fication by adapting to local circumstance and scientific development,which can reduce the potential risk of schistosomiasis transmission and promote the development of local economy and society.This paper analyzes the working conditions of schistoso-miasis prevention and control in Zhejiang Province and gives some relevant suggestions on how to guarantee the maintenance of the schistosomiasis elimination status in Zhejiang Province by the environmental modification combined with“a total of five-wa-ter treatment”,which can effectively condense the local snail breeding environments in key schistosomiasis endemic regions.