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在海洋油田的开发中,若在海上建立多个开采处理平台,来处理井液(含油、气、水),是极不经济的,于是提出了多相流的管道输送问题,即将未处理的井液输送到岸上,然后进行处理。国外多相流管道混输技术已经成功地应用于海洋油田的开发,这项技术也可引入荒漠油田及滩涂油田的开发。综述了国外开展多相流混输系统研究情况。本世纪30年代开始了混输系统流体力学模型的研究,从稳态模拟进入瞬时模拟;90年代开始了三相流动力学模型的研究。多相流管道输送的关键设备是多相泵,而多相泵又分为旋转动力泵和双螺杆泵两大类。介绍了国外这两类泵的参数,和对多相泵入口的要求。多相计量系统的关键技术是井口在线分离,在线计量采用波传导非插入非接触式的仪表。分析了管道内腐蚀和产生沉积物的因素,以及抑制内腐蚀和沉积物的措施。开展多相混输系统研究的重要手段是试验环道,介绍了国外试验环道的布局,对多相流管道输送的科研工作提出了建议。
In the development of offshore oil fields, it is extremely uneconomical to set up a number of mining and processing platforms at sea to process well fluids (oil, gas and water). Therefore, the problem of pipeline transportation in multiphase flow is proposed, that is, the untreated Well fluid is delivered ashore and processed. Foreign multi-phase flow pipeline technology has been successfully applied to the development of offshore oil fields, the technology can also be introduced into the desert oil fields and beach oil field development. The research situation of multi-phase mixed transportation system in foreign countries is summarized. In the 1930s, the research on fluid mechanics model of hybrid transmission system began. The steady-state simulation entered the transient simulation and the three-phase flow dynamics model started in the 1990s. Multiphase flow pipeline is the key equipment multi-phase pump, and multi-phase pump is divided into rotary power pump and twin screw pump two categories. The parameters of these two types of pumps abroad and the requirements of multi-phase pump inlet are introduced. The key technology of multi-phase metering system is the wellhead online separation, on-line measurement using wave-guided non-contact non-contact meters. The factors of corrosion and sediment in pipeline are analyzed, and the measures to restrain internal corrosion and sediment are analyzed. An important means to carry out the study of multi-phase mixed transportation system is to test the loop, and to introduce the layout of the experimental loop in foreign countries. Suggestions are put forward for the scientific research of multi-phase flow pipeline transportation.