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目的分析北京市昌平区2010年手足口病的流行特征,探讨流行规律,为制定有效的防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2010年昌平区手足口病的疫情资料进行分析,运用Excel 2007和SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果病例主要分布在人口密集且流动人口较多的城乡结合部;发病高峰为5-7月;5岁及以下年龄组病例占总病例数的93.47%,发病以幼托儿童、散居儿童和学生为主,占总病例数的98.95%,男女性别比为1.57∶1。聚集性疫情主要集中在托幼机构。重症和死亡病例中3岁及以下儿童分别占80.46%和100%,病原以EV71和其他肠道病毒感染为主。结论手足口病的发病存在明显季节、地区、性别、年龄差异,防控工作重点为控制托幼机构聚集性疫情,加强重症病例的早期识别和医疗救治,减少死亡。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Changping District, Beijing in 2010, and to explore the prevailing laws and provide evidence for effective prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of hand-foot-mouth disease in Changping District in 2010, and the data were analyzed by Excel 2007 and SPSS 17.0 software. Results The cases were mainly located in the urban-rural areas with dense population and large floating population. The peak incidence was from May to July. The cases of patients aged 5 and below accounted for 93.47% of the total number of cases. The incidence rates were as follows: kindergarten children, diaspora children and students Dominated, accounting for 98.95% of the total number of cases, male to female ratio was 1.57: 1. Aggregative outbreaks are mainly concentrated in nurseries. Severe and fatal cases of children aged 3 and under accounted for 80.46% and 100%, respectively, the main pathogen EV71 and other enterovirus infections. Conclusion The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease has obvious seasonal, regional, gender and age differences. The focus of prevention and control is to control the epidemic situation of nurseries, strengthen the early identification and medical treatment of severe cases and reduce the death.