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目的总结乳腺癌分子病理学指标分布异质性的相关研究。方法采用文献复习的方法,对有关乳腺癌分子病理学指标分布情况的文献加以综述。结果乳腺癌同其他上皮性肿瘤一样存在异质性,且决定乳腺癌分子分型的雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ER)、孕激素受体(progesterone receptor,PR)、人类表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor-2,HER-2)及Ki-67这四种特征性分子病理学指标在肿瘤组织中的分布均存在异质性。乳腺癌分子病理学指标分布的异质性会导致常规病理诊断对这四种指标检测的不准确、甚至错误,进而影响患者治疗方案的选择,并在一定程度上影响患者的预后。结论虽然已有不少新技术用于乳腺癌异质性的研究,但由于各种方法均存在一定的缺陷,且有关的报道较少,仍需要进一步深入研究以揭示乳腺癌异质性的原因及规律,并寻找减少其影响的可靠方法。
Objective To summarize the related research on the heterogeneity of the molecular pathology of breast cancer. Methods Literature reviews were used to review the literature on the distribution of breast cancer molecular pathology. RESULTS: Breast cancer is as heterogeneous as other epithelial tumors, and estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor determine breast cancer molecular typing. There are heterogeneities in the distribution of the four characteristic molecular pathological indicators of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) and Ki-67 in tumor tissues. The heterogeneity of the distribution of molecular pathology indicators in breast cancer will lead to inaccurate or even incorrect detection of these four indicators by conventional pathological diagnosis, thus affecting the choice of patient treatment plan and affecting the prognosis of patients to a certain extent. Conclusion Although many new technologies have been used for the study of breast cancer heterogeneity, due to various defects in various methods and related reports are few, further studies are needed to reveal the causes of breast cancer heterogeneity. And the law, and look for a reliable way to reduce its impact.