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为提高防治结核病的实际效果应建立卡介苗接种的监测机构,负责制定计划和具体的实施方法及明确完善的监测内容。我们认为,在县以下设监测组,要选择疫情资料较为系统完善,并能和计划免疫——冷链紧密结合。监测组不宜过多,一般2～3个乡、镇即可,以点带面逐步推广。监测对象应为0岁组的婴儿为接种和长期观察对象,15岁以下的儿童列为结核病监测对象,建档建卡,逐年观察发病情况。监测项目应是灵敏度好,代表性强,切实可行,可资比较的,如不同季节、不同批号、不同产地卡介苗在各级贮存、运输、使用时的温度变化和卡介苗活菌数;接种率和接种效果。以接种率、卡痕率、结素阳转率、结核性脑膜炎发生率等考核监测工作。资料的收集、整理和分析是卡介苗接种监测的主要组成部分。将收集到的上述资料加以整理进行综合分析,以判断卡介苗在预防结核病中的作用和不足之处,决定今后的防治措施。对分析研究的资料写出监测报告和经济决算,向行政和卫生部门汇报,并向有
In order to improve the actual effect of tuberculosis prevention and control, a monitoring institution for BCG vaccination should be established, which is responsible for formulating plans and specific implementation methods and specifying the monitoring content. In our opinion, it is necessary to set up monitoring teams below the county level to select more systematic and comprehensive epidemic information and to be closely integrated with planned immunization-cold chain. Monitoring group should not be too much, usually 2 to 3 townships, towns can be to gradually promote with a point. Monitoring objects should be 0-year-old infants vaccination and long-term observation of children under the age of 15 as a monitoring target for tuberculosis, building files card, year-by-year observation of the incidence. Monitoring project should be sensitive, representative, practical, comparable, such as different seasons, different batch number, different origin of BCG at all levels of storage, transportation, use of temperature changes and live BCG count; vaccination rate and Inoculation effect. Take inoculation rate, card rate, the rate of sunning tuberculin meningitis, tuberculosis and other assessment of the monitoring work. Data collection, collation and analysis are the main components of BCG vaccination surveillance. The collected data will be collated for a comprehensive analysis to determine the role of BCG in the prevention of tuberculosis and deficiencies, and determine future prevention and control measures. Write out monitoring reports and economic accounts on analytical studies, report to administrative and health authorities, and report to