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目的:探讨鲍曼不动杆菌血流感染患者的临床特征、感染危险因素及细菌耐药性,为临床合理用药和控制医院感染提供指导。方法:回顾性分析某院2011~2014年鲍曼不动杆菌血流感染患者的临床及微生物资料,包括患者基本情况、临床特点、基础疾病、微生物学特征及抗菌药物使用情况等。结果:收集到55例鲍曼不动杆菌血流感染患者,其中老年人占47.27%;基础疾病主要为脑血管疾病19例(34.55%),糖尿病15例(27.27%);科室分布重症医学科最多占16.36%,18例患者进行了中央静脉置管。所有分离菌株对第三代头孢菌素耐药率最高,头孢哌酮/舒巴坦耐药率最低。结论:鲍曼不动杆菌血流感染多发于重症患者,对怀疑有鲍曼不动杆菌血流感染的患者应及时进行血培养,可经验性选用头孢哌酮/舒巴坦。同时需重视医院感染的预防与控制。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features, infection risk factors and bacterial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii infection in bloodstream, and provide guidance for clinical medication and nosocomial infection control. Methods: The clinical and microbiological data of patients with Acinetobacter baumannii infection in a hospital from 2011 to 2014 were analyzed retrospectively, including the basic conditions, clinical features, underlying diseases, microbiological characteristics and the use of antimicrobial agents. Results: 55 cases of Acinetobacter baumannii infection were collected, of which 47.27% were elderly people. The main diseases were cerebrovascular disease in 19 cases (34.55%) and diabetes mellitus (15 cases) (27.27%). Most accounted for 16.36%, 18 patients underwent central venous catheterization. All isolates had the highest rate of resistance to the third generation cephalosporins and the lowest rate of cefoperazone / sulbactam. CONCLUSION: Acinetobacter baumannii infection is common in critically ill patients. Serum culture should be performed in patients suspected of having Acinetobacter baumannii infection, and cefoperazone / sulbactam can be empirically selected. At the same time pay attention to the prevention and control of nosocomial infections.