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目的研究职业性噪声接触与女工发生早产之间的关系。方法收集1985—2012年国内公开发表的关于职业性噪声接触与女工发生早产有关的文献,严格按照纳入和剔除标准筛选接触稳态噪声的文献。根据噪声接触强度将女工分为85~89 d B(A)组、90~99 d B(A)组、100~115 d B(A)组和对照组。采用Review Manager 4.2软件进行Meta分析,计算合并的相对危险度(RR)值及其95%可信区间(CI)。结果 19篇文献纳入Meta分析。85~89 d B(A)组女工早产发生率和对照组差异无统计学意义[RR=1.13,95%CI为(0.85~1.50),P>0.05];90~99d B(A)组和100~115 d B(A)组女工早产的发生率均高于对照组[RR分别为1.71和1.94,95%CI分别为(1.18~2.480和(1.61~2.33),P>0.05]。结论孕期接触职业噪声≥90 d B(A)时,女工发生早产的风险增加。
Objective To study the relationship between occupational noise exposure and premature labor in women workers. Methods Collected from 1985 to 2012, the domestic published literature on occupational noise exposure related to preterm birth of female workers was collected, and the literature of steady-state noise exposure was screened in strict accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The female workers were divided into 85-89 d B (A), 90-99 d B (A), 100-115 d B (A) and control groups according to the noise intensity. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 4.2 software to calculate the combined relative risk (RR) value and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Results 19 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of preterm birth among women with B (A) 85-89 d was not significantly different from that of the control group (RR = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.85-1.50, P> 0.05) The incidence of preterm birth was higher in women with Bcl-2 than in controls (RR = 1.71 and 1.94, respectively, 95% CI: 1.18-2.480 and 1.61-2.33, respectively, P> 0.05) Exposure to occupational noise ≥ 90 d B (A) increases the risk of female workers premature delivery.