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小学算术教学大纲（修订草案）指出：“在小学里使童儿获得抽象的教学概念，必须从直观入手。”这说明在小学算术教学中，运用直观教具有很重要的意义；但同时必须明确，直观本身不是目的，而是达到真正的目的——算术知识的牢固掌握和儿童抽象思维的发展——的一项辅助方法。因此，在算术教学中如何掌握运用直观教具的适当性，就成为一个极其重要的问题了。上面就我几年来在高年级应用题教学中，对这个问题的初步体会写出来，请大家指正。
The primary school syllabus (Revised Draft) states: “The concept of teaching children abstract abilities in primary schools must be intuitively understood.” This shows that the use of visual teaching in primary school mathematics teaching is very important; at the same time, it must be clear , Visualization is not an end in itself, but an adjunct to achieving a true purpose - the firm mastery of mathematical knowledge and the development of children's abstract thinking. Therefore, how to master the appropriateness of using visual aids in arithmetic teaching has become an extremely important issue. In the past few years, I applied to the higher grades in teaching, write down the initial experience of this issue, please correct me.