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油松在嫁接后2—3年即开有雌花,雄花较雌花出现晚3—4年。雌、雄花量随年龄增长逐年增加,10年生时雄花量急剧增多。不同无性系花量变异很大,花量最多的无性系为最少无性系的倍数:雌花可达40倍,雄花可达86.6倍。种子园的花粉量在9—12年生时每公顷为7.05—10.8公斤,远未达到自然授粉的需要量。9—12年生的种子园雌花在树冠外围从上到下均有分布,以树冠中部较多,而雄花约有80%集中在树冠下半部。这些调查结果为种子园的经营管理,特别为花粉管理提供了依据。
Pinus tabulaeformis two to three years after grafting, there are female flowers, male flowers than female flowers appeared late 3-4 years. Female and male flowers increased year by year with increasing age, 10-year-old male flowers increased dramatically. Variation of different clonal flowers is very large, the largest amount of clones is the least clones: female flowers up to 40 times, male flowers up to 86.6 times. The seed orchard’s pollen amount is 7.05-10.8 kg per hectare at the age of 9-12, which is far from the need of natural pollination. Female flowers of 9-12 year-old orchards were distributed from top to bottom on the periphery of the canopy, with the central part of the canopy being more, while about 80% of the male flowers were concentrated in the lower part of the canopy. These findings are the operation and management of Seed Garden and provide the basis for pollen management in particular.