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15个不同细胞质“中国春”小麦与八倍体小偃麦杂交 ,杂种F1减数分裂的染色体行为表明 :普通小麦与天蓝偃麦草的F或E组染色体之间存在着部分同源关系 ;D2 型细胞质促进部分同源染色体配对、但却抑制同源染色体配对 ;Sv 型细胞质对同源染色体或部分同源染色体的配对均有抑制作用 ;G型细胞质促进同源染色体配对。1 5个不同细胞质“中国春”小麦与六倍体小偃麦杂交 ,F1结实率很低 ,减数分裂中期的染色体行为混乱 ,单价体过多 ,或许意味着在天蓝偃麦草 (Elytrigiain termedium)与长穗偃麦草 (E .elongatum)的E组染色体之间存在着很大差别。随着回交代数的增加 ,选出G型、D2 型、Mt 型、Mu 型等细胞质雄性不育的八倍体小偃麦品系 ,其中D2 型细胞质八倍体小偃麦具有光周期敏感性雄性不育的特征 ;G型细胞质“远中 3”育性正常 ,表明八倍体小偃麦“远中 3”的E组染色体中存在G型胞质的育性恢复基因。
Chromosomal behavior of 15 meiosis “Chinese Spring” and octoploid wheat in different cytoplasm hybrids showed that there was a partial homology between chromosomes of F and E in common wheat and A. tricuspidata. Type cytoplasm to promote homologous chromosome pairing, but inhibit homologous chromosome pairing; Sv-type cytoplasm homologous chromosomes or homologous chromosome pairing are inhibited; G-type cytoplasm to promote homologous chromosome pairing. In the cross between the “Spring of China” and the hexaploid Tritium aestivum of 5 different cytoplasms, the F1 seed setting rate is very low and the metaphase chromosomes behave in a confused manner. Excessive monovalent values may mean that in the Elytrigia termedium, There is a big difference between E group chromosome and E. Eleongatum. With the increase of backcross generation altogether, the cytoplasmic male sterile plants of G type, D2 type, Mt type and Mu type were selected, and the octoploidy triterpenes with D2 type cytoplasm had photoperiodic sensitivity The sterility of G type cytoplasm “Yuanzhong 3” was normal, indicating that there was a G-type cytoplasm fertility restorer gene in chromosome E of chromosome 8 of “Octoploid 3”.