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本文报道了天然雌核发育方正银鲫四倍体杂种的初步研究。1984年,银鲫♀×鲤鱼♂授精2分钟后的受精卵在0～1.5℃的水中冷处理20分钟,获得四倍体杂种。1986～1990年,杂种子1代和它的回交杂种(F_1和第1～4次的回交杂种雌鱼)与雄鲤进行了回交。它们的染色体数目约为200±,红细胞核体积约为银鲫的1.3倍。1987年同池饲养的四倍体回交子代的体重是三倍体银鲫的1.47倍。四倍体杂种基本上保持了银鲫的性状与习性,而且相当稳定,同时它们也能够繁殖。因此,它们可作为水产养殖的鲫鱼新品种。
In this paper, we report the preliminary study on the tetraploid hybrids of Founder silver carp (Caragana korshinskii) in natural gynogenetic development. In 1984, silver carp ♀ × carp ♂ insemination 2 minutes after fertilization eggs in cold water at 0 ~ 1.5 ℃ for 20 minutes to obtain tetraploid hybrids. From 1986 to 1990, hybrid F1 and its backcross (F_1 and 1st to 4th backcross hybrids) were backcrossed with male common carp. Their chromosome number is about 200 ±, the nucleus of red blood cells is about 1.3 times that of silver crucian carp. In 1987, the weight of tetraploid backcross progeny in the same pond was 1.47 times that of triploid silver crucian carp. Tetraploid hybrids basically maintain the traits and habits of silver crucian carp, and are quite stable, at the same time, they are able to multiply. Therefore, they can be used as a new species of aquaculture carp.