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书面文献呈现出的两汉方言词发展演变主要有“竞争更替式”和“渗透融合式”两种类型。进入通语文献与通语词构成同义词,在表义职能、语法结构或语用功能上进行区别分化;或在汉语词汇双音化的历史进程中作为语素参与复合词的组构,是两汉方言词“渗透融合式”发展演变的基本过程。两汉方言词随着方言与通语的接触进入通语见用于书面文献,进而渗透累积到通语词汇系统,成为汉语词汇历史发展过程中积极的组成部分,为汉语词汇的历史更替和双音化提供竞争对象和组构要素。因语言接触而产生由通语语素和方言语素组构而成的同义并列复合词是汉语词汇双音化的重要方式。这些“合璧词”的组构反映了汉语在发展过程中对方言词汇成分的吸收融合,显示了雅言对方言强有力的吸收和包容。
The development and evolution of the dialectal words in the Han dynasty as presented in the written literature are mainly two types: “competitive alternative” and “infiltration and integration”. Into the language document and thesaurus constitutes a synonym, in the sense of function, grammatical structure or pragmatic function of differentiation; or in Chinese dialect of the historical process of disyllabic compound morphemes involved in the composition of the word, is the Han dialect words The basic process of “penetration and integration” development and evolution. The dialect words of Han dynasty entered the Tongyu language with the contact of dialect and Tongue language and used in the written documents, and then infiltrated and accumulated into the Tongues vocabulary system, which became an active part in the history of Chinese vocabulary development. Provide competition and fabric elements. The synonymous compound compound words which are composed of the linguistic morphemes and the dialect morphemes resulting from the language contact are the important ways of the disyllabicization of Chinese words. The composition of these “collocations” reflects the absorption and fusion of Chinese dialect vocabulary components in the process of development, which shows that Ya-yan strongly absorbs and tolerates dialects.