托马斯·哈代是英国文学史上著名的现实主义大师,他开创了一种新的小说类型,即性格与环境小说,探讨了广阔的社会环境与独特的地域环境及人物性格之间的关系。哈代的小说从独特的农村生活的角度反映当时重大的社会问题,包含着深刻的思想内容和浓重的悲剧色彩。《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代的代表作,小说以高速发展的资本主义时期为历史背景,展示了资本主义入侵下英国农村中小农经济解体与破产给当时农民带来的深重灾难。 Thomas Hardy is a famous master of realism in the history of British literature. He started a new type of novels, namely, the novels of personality and environment, and explored the relationship between the vast social environment and unique geographical environment and personalities. Hardy’s novel reflects the then major social problems from the perspective of unique rural life, which contains profound thought content and heavy tragedy. Tess of the D ’Urbervilles is Hardy’ s masterpiece. The novel, based on the rapid development of capitalism, shows the profound catastrophe caused by the collapse and collapse of the small and medium-sized peasant economy in rural England under the capitalist invasion.