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在《政治经济学》资本主义部分的教学过程中,我有一个很深的切身体会:必须克服理论认识上的绝对化,辩证地看待和分析客观经济范畴。否则,难以以理服人。例如对“相对过剩人口”这个经济范畴,政治经济学教科书和权威的《政治经济学辞典》都断定为“资本主义制度下所特有的一种社会现象”。我认为,这是一种绝对化观点。从理论上说,相对过剩人口即失业人口并非为资本主义社会所特有。在社会主义商品经济条件下,客观上也存在着资金对劳动力的需求日益相对缩减的趋势。在社会主义制度下,随着科学技术的不断进步,资金的有
In the teaching of the capitalist part of “Political Economy”, I have a very deep personal experience: we must overcome the absolute understanding of our theory and view and analyze the objective economic aspects dialectically. Otherwise, it is hard to persuade people. For example, in the economic category of “relative surplus population,” political economy textbooks and the authoritative “Dictionary of Political Economy” all assume “a social phenomenon peculiar to the capitalist system.” I think this is an absolute point of view. In theory, the relative surplus population, the unemployed population, is not unique to capitalist society. Under the conditions of socialist commodity economy, there is also an objective trend of the relative reduction of the demand for labor by capital. Under the socialist system, with the continuous improvement of science and technology, there is money available