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目的利用锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)研究上颌第一磨牙近中颊根第二根管(MB2)发生率、根管解剖形态以及根管口位置分布。方法随机选取2011—2013年航天中心医院口腔科20~30岁患者CBCT影像160张(男80张、女80张)。平行近中颊根长轴平面观察其根管形态,并按照Vertucci分类统计。水平面观察根管口的位置,记录MB、MB2及腭根根管口间距离以及MB、MB2根管口分别到腭根根管口连线夹角,并比较不同性别间差异。结果本研究观察了279颗上颌第一磨牙,其中存在MB2牙齿233颗,检出率为83.5%,不同性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同类型的根管出现概率不同,各类型出现率男女间无差异。MB与MB2根管口间距男性为(2.195±0.504)mm,女性为(1.966±0.419)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论上颌第一磨牙MB2发生率高,不同类型MB2发生概率不同,男性与女性之间无差异。MB与MB2根管口间距在两性之间存在统计学差异。
Objective To study the incidence of the second mesiobuccal canal (MB2), the anatomy of root canal and the distribution of the root canal orifice of the maxillary first molar using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods A total of 160 CBCT images (80 male and 80 female) from 20 to 30 years old in Department of Stomatology, Cosmo Center Hospital from 2011 to 2013 were randomly selected. The root canal morphology was observed parallel to the long axis of the mesial buccal root and classified according to Vertucci classification. The position of the root canal orifice was observed in the horizontal plane. The distance between the root canal of MB, MB2 and the root canal of the palatal root and the angle between the root canal of the root canal and the root canal of the MB2 and MB2 were recorded, and the differences among different sexes were compared. Results A total of 279 maxillary first molars were observed. There were 233 MB2 teeth with a detection rate of 83.5%. There was no significant difference between different genders (P> 0.05). Different types of root canal emergence probability is different, the incidence of various types of men and women no difference. The distance between MB and MB2 root canal was (2.195 ± 0.504) mm in females and (1.966 ± 0.419) mm in females, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of MB2 in maxillary first molar is high, and the incidence of MB2 in different types is different. There is no difference between male and female. MB and MB2 root canal spacing between the sexes there is a statistically significant difference.