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以“自由”、“平等”、“人权”、“人的价值”以及“博爱”等观念组成的人道主义,是中国哲学家长期争论的一个问题,80年代又一次掀起高潮。但争论双方均未顾及人道主义与商品经济的关系问题。本文拟对此作初步探讨,并论析80年代那场讨论的教训。人道主义是商品经济的一种价值观念体系唯物史观高明于其它历史观的地方之一,是从生产力和生产关系结合而成的生产方式出发来说明社会意识形态。马克思正是依据这种科学方法,对适应于商品经济的一系列观念形态进行分析:
Humanitarianism, consisting of such concepts as “freedom,” “equality,” “human rights,” “human values,” and “fraternity,” has long been a controversial issue for Chinese philosophers, culminating again in the 1980s. However, neither sides of the debate took into account the issue of the relationship between humanitarianism and the commodity economy. This article intends to make a preliminary discussion of this and to discuss the lessons of that discussion in the 1980s. Humanitarianism is a system of values in the commodity economy. Historical materialism is one of the places where other historical views are clearer. It is based on the mode of production that combines the productive forces and the relations of production to illustrate social ideology. Based on this scientific method, Marx analyzes a series of concepts and concepts that are adapted to the commodity economy: