介绍了利用康普顿散射对管壁厚度和缺陷进行无损检测的基本原理和方法。同时用~(137)Cs和~(60)Co辐射源对不同厚度的钢管和管内壁不同大小的空穴进行了刻度试验,结果表明:对Φ100 mm×1mm—Φ100 mm×6 mm不同厚度的钢管,检测精度约为0.1—0.2 mm;对管内壁的空穴,检测灵敏度可达Φ5 mm×0.5 mm;具有实际应用的价值。 The basic principles and methods of non-destructive testing of wall thickness and defects by Compton scattering are introduced. At the same time, different thickness of steel tubes and different sizes of cavities on the inner wall of the tube were calibrated with ~ (137) Cs and ~ (60) Co radiation sources. The results showed that for different thickness of Φ100 mm × 1 mm-Φ100 mm × 6 mm Steel pipe, the detection accuracy is about 0.1-0.2 mm; the inner wall of the hole, the detection sensitivity up to Φ5 mm × 0.5 mm; has practical value.