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对学龄前儿童,乙肝疫苗可直接接种,也可以先进行血清学检测,如乙肝病毒(HBV)感染标志阴性再接种。是否进行HBV感染血清学标志的筛检,取决于HBV感染率、筛检费用及疫苗费用的高低。本文拟根据我国HBV感染状况,目前乙肝疫苗费用及HBV感染血清学标志检测费用,对学龄前儿童乙肝疫苗接种前血清学筛检的费用——效益进行探讨,以期对乙肝疫苗的接种工作有所裨益。一、材料与方法1.计算公式:将HBV感染血清学标志阳性率表示为P,如血清学标志检测阳性,不需接种疫苗,则费用为筛检试验费用,以Ct表示;如血清学检测阴性,则需接种疫苗,总费用为试验费用与接种费用之和,用Ct+Cv表示。因此,做血清学检测阴性者接种疫苗的费用为PCt+(1-P)(Ct+Cv);不做血清学检测而直接全部接种疫苗总费用为PCv+(1-P)Cv,见示意图。
For preschool children, hepatitis B vaccine can be directly vaccinated, serological tests can also be carried out first, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection flag negative re-vaccination. Screening for serological markers of HBV infection depends on the HBV infection rate, screening costs and vaccine costs. This article is based on the status of HBV infection in China, the current cost of hepatitis B vaccine and HBV infection serological testing costs, preschool children pre-vaccination serological screening of hepatitis B cost-benefit study with a view to hepatitis B vaccination have been benefit. First, the material and methods 1. Calculation formula: The positive rate of HBV infection serological markers expressed as P, such as serological markers tested positive, without vaccination, the cost of screening test costs, in Ct said; such as serological testing Negative, you need vaccination, the total cost for the sum of test costs and vaccination costs, with Ct + Cv said. Therefore, the cost of vaccination with negative serology is PCt + (1-P) (Ct + Cv); the total cost of all vaccinations without direct serological testing is PCv + (1-P) Cv, see illustration.