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用气体定律实验器(高中物理第一册263页图7所示装置)来验证玻意耳—马略特定律,为了减少活塞与注射器内壁间的摩擦,实验时,要用弹簧秤钩住框架上的钩竖直向上拉,使活塞受到的力通过其轴线。但在实际操作中很难做到真正的“竖直”。在用手钩住弹簧秤上端的圆环向上拉时,手难免要前后、左右、上下的摆动,致使弹簧秤的指针上下移动。因为对弹簧秤的示数和注射器外壁上的刻度值只能是一个一个地观察,所以,每拉到一定高度时弹簧秤的读数和空气柱长度的读数很难做到是一组对应值。
The gas law tester (the device shown in Figure 7 on page 263 of High School Physics Book 1) was used to verify the Boyle-Marlow law. To reduce the friction between the piston and the inner wall of the syringe, a spring balance was used to hook the frame. The hook is pulled straight up so that the force applied by the piston passes through its axis. However, it is difficult to achieve true “vertical” in practice. When pulling the ring on the upper end of the spring balance by hand, it is inevitable that the hand swings back and forth, left and right, and up and down, causing the pointer of the spring scale to move up and down. Because the number of spring scales and the scale value on the outer wall of the syringe can only be observed one by one, it is difficult for the reading of the spring scale and the reading of the air column length to be a set of corresponding values when each height is pulled to a certain height.