(一) 汉字,从文字改革角度说,会有个“永存”或“废除”的问题。过去,当人们提出汉字拼音化的时候,往往是同时提出应当“废除汉字”的,典型的说法是鲁迅先生所提出的“汉字不灭,中国必亡”。1958年《汉语拼音方案》问世前夕,周总理表明了党和国家对汉字的态度:“它并不是用来代替汉字的拼音文字。”这是说现在还不存在取代汉字的拼音文字。周总理进一步说:“还有一个问题是大家都关心 (A) Chinese characters, from the perspective of literary reform, there will be a question of “permanent existence” or “abolition.” In the past, when people proposed pinyinization of Chinese characters, they often proposed at the same time that they should “abolish Chinese characters.” The typical argument is that “Chinese characters are immortal and China will die” proposed by Lu Xun. On the eve of the publication of the Pinyin Scheme in 1958, Premier Zhou showed the attitude of the Party and the state toward Chinese characters: “It is not a pinyin text used to replace Chinese characters.” This means that there is no pinyin text replacing Chinese characters yet. Premier Chou further said: "Another problem is that everyone is concerned