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一、问诊 1.现病史①发病时期,诱因,特别注意是活动期发病,还是安定期发病;②发病及进展的特点,注意意识障碍,偏瘫进展情况,并推断起病开始到出现神经症状平稳期的时间;③有无头痛、呕吐,眩晕、痉挛、兴奋、小便失禁等。 2.既往史有无高血压、糖尿病、心脏病,特别是房颤的心律不齐。注意患病时间、程度及治疗经过。此外应了解是否有过一时性脑缺血发作,发作次数及本次发病前2～3个月头部是否受到过撞击,因头部受撞击引起的慢性硬脑膜下血肿与脑血栓不易鉴别,所以应注意搜集病史。
First, the history of the disease ① history of illness ① onset, incentives, special attention is active disease, or stable onset; ② characteristics of the disease and progress, attention to disturbance of consciousness, progress of hemiplegia, and infer the onset of neurological symptoms Stable period of time; ③ without headache, vomiting, dizziness, cramps, excitement, urinary incontinence and so on. 2 history of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, especially arrhythmia of atrial fibrillation. Pay attention to the time, degree and treatment of illness. In addition, we should understand whether there have been transient ischemic attacks, the number of attacks and the incidence of 2 to 3 months prior to the head has been hit, because of the head caused by the impact of chronic subdural hematoma and cerebral thrombosis is not easy to identify, So should pay attention to collect medical history.