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本文考察晚清女子学堂的发展过程 ,认为在民族主义思潮的鼓动下 ,原属于家庭范围的传统女学向近代女子教育转变。地方改革派士绅及官员积极参与建立女子学校 ,在激进与保守的双重压力下清政府将多种形式的、分散的近代女子教育融入民族国家建设中。国家为培养新国民 ,而借用传统观念 ,强化女子在儿童早期教育和学前教育中的作用 ,建立了官立女子师范学校。作为最高的国家教育机构 ,女子师范不仅提供了女子受高等教育的机会 ,而且将女子在社会上的工作合法化。
This paper examines the development of women’s schools in the late Qing Dynasty and argues that under the guidance of the nationalism trend, the traditional female schools originally belonging to the family range have changed to modern women’s education. Local reformist gentry and officials actively participated in the establishment of women’s schools. Under the dual pressures of radicalization and conservativeness, the Qing government integrated various forms of modern and decent women’s education into the construction of nation-state. In order to foster new nationals, the state borrowed traditional concepts, strengthened the role of women in early childhood education and pre-school education, and established a government normal girls’ normal school. As the tallest national educational institution, women’s teachers not only provide women with opportunities for higher education, but also legitimize women’s social work.